Institute of Labour Market Information and Analysis (ILMIA)
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What is the function of ILMIA?

ILMIA serves as an information centre for labour data and analysis for the Malaysian labour market. At ILMIA, we are responsible for ensuring that data is accurate and up to date as well as facilitating data sharing with users. ILMIA is also the agency responsible for conducting research / studies on the labour market in Malaysia. The results of these studies will be published and used as a guide for policy-making relating to national labour.

What kind of data can be obtained from ILMIA?

Who uses ILMIA Portal?

From where does ILMIA source the data that it analyses?

What is the difference between the terms 'Labour Force' and 'Workforce'?

What is the definition of 'Unemployment' and the 'Unemployment Rate'?

What is meant by 'Outside The Labour Force' and how does it differ from unemployment?

Is the unemployment rate in Malaysia better than in other countries?

How can i get hold of books published by ILMIA?

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Quick Facts

  • GENERAL EXPLANATION FOR LABOUR MARKET INDICATORS
  • GENERAL EXPLANATION FOR LABOUR MARKET INDICATORS

    Working Age Population

    The working age limit for a country is determined based on the age structure of the economically active population of the country. Working age for the analysis of Labour Force Survey in Malaysia refers to household members between the age of 15 to 64 years during the reference week, who are either in the labour force or outside the labour force.

    Labour Force

    Labour force refers to all persons within the 15-64 years age-group who are either employed or unemployed during the reference week. This indicator has details by gender, age group and state.

    Outside Labour Force

    All persons not classified as employed or unemployed are classified as outside labour force. This category consists of housewives, students (including those going for further studies), retired, disabled persons and those not interested in looking for a job.

    Employed

    All person who, at any time during the reference week worked at least one hour for pay, profit or family gain. They are also considered as employed if : Did not work during the reference week because of illness, injury, disability, bad weather, leave, labour dispute and social or religious reason but had a job, farm, enterprise or other family enterprise to return to. Temporary laid-off with pay and would definitely be called back to work. Employed less than 30 hours during the reference week because of the nature of their works or due to insufficient work and are able and willing to accept additional hours of work. This group is underemployed

    Unemployed

    The unemployed are classified into two groups that is the actively unemployed and inactively unemployed. The actively unemployed include all persons who did not work during the reference week but were available for work and were actively looking for work during the references week. Inactively unemployed persons include the following categories : Person who did not look for work because they believed no work was available or that they were not qualified. Person who would have looked for work if they had not been temporarily ill or had it not been for bad weather. Person who were waiting for result of job applications. Person who had looked for work prior to the reference week.
    • Working Age Population

      The working age limit for a country is determined based on the age structure of the economically active population of the country. Working age for the analysis of Labour Force Survey in Malaysia refers to household members between the age of 15 to 64 years during the reference week, who are either in the labour force or outside the labour force.
    • Labour Force

      Labour force refers to all persons within the 15-64 years age-group who are either employed or unemployed during the reference week. This indicator has details by gender, age group and state.
    • Outside Labour Force

      All persons not classified as employed or unemployed are classified as outside labour force. This category consists of housewives, students (including those going for further studies), retired, disabled persons and those not interested in looking for a job.
    • Employed

      All person who, at any time during the reference week worked at least one hour for pay, profit or family gain. They are also considered as employed if : Did not work during the reference week because of illness, injury, disability, bad weather, leave, labour dispute and social or religious reason but had a job, farm, enterprise or other family enterprise to return to. Temporary laid-off with pay and would definitely be called back to work. Employed less than 30 hours during the reference week because of the nature of their works or due to insufficient work and are able and willing to accept additional hours of work. This group is underemployed
    • Unemployed

      The unemployed are classified into two groups that is the actively unemployed and inactively unemployed. The actively unemployed include all persons who did not work during the reference week but were available for work and were actively looking for work during the references week. Inactively unemployed persons include the following categories : Person who did not look for work because they believed no work was available or that they were not qualified. Person who would have looked for work if they had not been temporarily ill or had it not been for bad weather. Person who were waiting for result of job applications. Person who had looked for work prior to the reference week.
    Source : Labour Force Survey , 2016